Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences - 2019; 35(2)

Investigation of cardiotoxic effects of marbofloxacin

Devran Coşkun, Burak Dik, Yasemin Korkmaz, Rahmi Canbar, Ayşe Er, Enver Yazar — 2019-06-01

Aim: The primary objective of the present research is to determine the cardiotoxic effect of marbofloxacin by measuring of serum troponin I, creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels which are cardiotoxic damage markers. In addition, it is to determine the effects of marbofloxacin on the liver function [alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT), total protein], renal function [blood urea nitrogen (BUN, creatinine] and hemogram [white blood cell (WBC), red blood cell (RBC), platelet, hemoglobin, hematocrit] parameters. Materials and Methods: In the study, 10 Merino yearling received marbofloxacin (10 mg/kg/day, subcutan) for 14 days. Blood samples were taken on day 0 (control), 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13 and 15 days. Sheep specific serum CK-MB and troponin I levels were measured with ELISA reader, while serum LDH, AST, ALT, ALP, GGT, total protein, creatinine and BUN values were determined with autoanalyser. Hemogram parameters were determined with hemocell counters, as well. Results: Marbofloxacin increased cardiac damage markers which were troponin I, not statistically significant (P>0,05), LDH and AST levels, statistically significant (P<0,05). While marbofloxacin did not cause (P<0,05) any adverse effect on liver function parameters, it caused (P<0,05) increase BUN levels and fluctuations in creatinine levels which were renal function values. In hemogram parameters, it caused (P <0,05) temporary decreases close to the reference values. Conclusion: It can be stated that the when sheep should be treated with high doses of long-term marbofloxacin, cardiotoxicity should be taken with caution. However, cardiotoxic effects of marbofloxacin should be confirmed histopathologically.

The effect of melatonin on coagulation parameters in rats with cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis

Ercan Keskin, Deniz Uluışık — 2019-06-01

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate possible effects of melatonin on coagulation parameters in rats with cerulein induced acute pancreatitis. Materials and Methods: For this purpose, 32 adult, male, healthy Wistar Abino rats were used. The animals were divided into four groups. Group I animals was no applied. Group II animals was intraperitoneally administered 50 mg/kg melatonin per rat twice for two hours intervals. Animals of group III received two intraperitoneal injections of cerulein (50 μg/kg and 25 μg/kg bw, respectively) at two hours intervals. Animals of group IV received two intraperitoneal injections of cerulein (50 μg/kg and 25 μg/kg bw, respectively) at two hours intervals and the rats received an intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg/kg melatonin 30 min before each cerulein injection. In blood samples taken from all animals, platelet, fibrinogen, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), international normalized ratio (INR) levels were determined. Results: Acute pancreatitis caused increment in platelet count and fibrinogen level compared to control group (p<0.05). APTT, PT and INR were significantly shortened with acute pancreatitis in comparison with control group (p<0.05). Melatonin application to rats with acute pancreatitis importantly lengthened PT and INR compared to acute pancreatitis group (p<0.05). Conclusion: We concluded that melatonin may be alleviated the abnormalities in coagulation parameters resulting from acute pancreatitis.

The effects of quercetin on antioxidant system and some blood parameters in rats exposed to acute cadmium toxicity

İhsan Kısadere, Nurcan Dönmez — 2019-06-01

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of quercetin on antioxidant system and some blood parameters in rats exposed to acute cadmium toxicity. Materials and Methods: Adult male Wistar-Albino rats (n = 30) were used and divided into four groups as Control (C, n = 6), Cadmium (Cd, n = 8), Quercetin (Q, n = 8) and Cadmium + Quercetin (Cd + Q, n = 8). Cadmium chloride (CdCl2, 4 mg/ kg daily, s.c) were administrated to Cd and Cd+Q groups, and Quercetin (Q, 50 mg/kg daily, i.p) were given to Q and Cd + Q groups for 3 days, respectively. Control group was not recieved any treatment. Blood samples were collected from all animals at fourth day after treatments. Results: The levels of serum SOD, MDA, GSH, catalase, and plasma ALT, AST, GGT, total protein, albumin were detected. Although, serum MDA levels were found higher (P< 0.05) in Cd than the other groups, it was similiar in Q and C groups. ALT, AST and GGT enzyme levels were observed higher in Cd than C and Q groups (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Negative effects of acute cadmium toxicity on antioxidan system and some hematological parameters were ameliorated with quercetin treatment in rats.

Histopathological and microbiological evaluation of uterus in repeat breeder cows shipped to slaughterhouse

Yunus Çakıcı, Mehmet Aköz — 2019-06-01

Aim: The purpose of this study is to determine endometritis in repeat breeder cows by histopathological examination and to investigate the bacteria that may cause endometritis. Materials and Methods: A total of 63 uterus specimens taken from 53 repeat breeder cows brought to the slaughter houses in Konya province for slaughtering and from 10 cows without any reproductive problem were examined by macroscopic, histopathological and microbiological methods. Results: Histopathological examination showed that 22 out 63 samples were diagnosed as endometritis The types of the endometritis were determined which that 5 catarrhal endometritis, 5 purulent endometritis, 5 chronic nonpurulent endometritis, 6 chronic purulent endometritis and 1 granulomatous endometritis were found. In the microbiological examination, it was found that while bacteria were isolated in 11 uteri, mostly Streptococcus spp. and Escherichia coli were isolated. According to the antibiogram results, all of the identified bacteria were determined to be susceptible to Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid and Florfenicol. It is also found that isolated bacteria were foud as increased penicillin G resistance. Conclusion: It has been determined that endometritis is major causing factor in the etiology of repeat breeder in cows. Histopathological exams are key to diagnose endometritis causing repeat breader. It has been concluded that when clinical findings are combined with histopathological and microbiological findings, the effective treatment protocol can be established.

Evaluation of clinical efficacy of tilmicosin in the treatment of respiratory system infections of calves

Mahmut Ok, Hasan Hüseyin Hadimli, Merve İder — 2019-06-01

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of tilmicosin in the treatment of respiratory system infections of calves. Materials and Methods: This study was performed on 30 calves with respiratory system infections. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid samples were taken from the calves. Microbiological examinations of BAL fluid samples were performed and antibiotic susceptibilities of the agents were determined. A single dose of tilmicosin (10 mg/kg SC) was administered to each calves. Results: While bacterial growth was not observed in 11 of 30 BAL samples, bacterial growth of 19 was detected. Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida) was isolated in 14 of the sample. Remaining bacteria were 3 Trueperella pyogenes (T. pyogenes) and 2 Escherichia coli (E. coli). Amoxicillin, sefquinom, marbofloxacin, gamithromycin and tilmicosin were found to be effective antibiotics. Conclusion: As a result, the dominant bacterium in respiratory system infections is Pasteurella multocida and also tilmicosin was effective in the treatment of respiratory diseases of calves.

Effect of gallic acid on ram semen spermatological parameters at +4 ⁰C storage

Şükrü Güngör, Muhammed Enes İnanç, Ayhan Ata — 2019-06-01

Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different rate of gallic acid on ram semen liquid storage in non-breeding season. Materials and Methods: In this study, four Merino rams (2-3 ages) were used and belonging to the special sheep farm in Callica, Burdur/ Turkey. Ejaculates were collected from the rams using a electroejaculator, the ejaculates containing spermatozoa with >80% motility and concentrations higher than 1.5x10⁹ spermatozoa/ml were mixed and used in the study. The mixed ejaculates were divided into four equal aliquots and samples were extended with tris containing 0 mM (control), 2 mM, 5 mM, 10 mM gallic acid and they were stored at 4°C. After the groups were created, sperm motility (%), morphologic integrity (%), membrane integrity subjective (Hipo Osmotic Swelling Test, HOS test, %) were examined 24 hour intervals until 96 hour. Results: The highest motility at 48. hour was seen gallic acid 2 mM (72.7±5.3%) and 5 mM (69.4±4.8%) groups compared the control (51.0±2.7%) group (P<0.05). At the end of the storage time to (96. hour) gallic acid 2mM and gallic acid 5 mM was protected to sperm motilities compared the control group (P<0.05). Also, gallic acid 10 mM were decreased to the membrane integrity compared to the control group (P < 0.001). There were no significant differences among groups on abnormal spermatozoa rate in every storage period (P > 0.05) but, there was a statistically significant increase in abnormal spermatozoa rate at the depending on storage time (P < 0.001). Conclusion: In conclusion, gallic acid 2 mM and gallic acid 5 mM should be supplement to ram semen extender at short term storage period on non-breeding season for improvement of sperm motility.

Production losses due to small ruminant fasciolosis in Turkey

Savaş Sarıözkan — 2019-06-01

Aim: Estimate the production losses due to small ruminant fasciolosis in Turkey. Materials and Methods: Weighted means of obtained prevalence of previous studies and TUİK and Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry were used for the analysis and result was given current prices of 2018 year. Weighed mean prevalence in sheep and goat were calculated as 3.47% and 1.25% respectively. In this study, the yield losses which are expected to be caused by the disease in sheep and goats have been tried to be revealed. Results: In Turkey due to fasciolosis totally 7.910.395 TL (~1.5 million $) annual production losses was estimated (7.030.263 TL for sheep and 880.130 TL for goat). Milk and meat were taken the highest part with 80.3%. The production losses in an infected animal were estimated as 15.1-24.4 TL/ case. In other words, approximately 4-5% of the carcass value is lost. Conclusion: For decreasing the production losses for fasciolosis in Turkey, the priority should be given to fasciolosis in national control and eradication programs. In this way, by generating efficiency in resource utilization, the producer's income with low profit margin will increase and unit prices will decrease with the potential production realization and the people will be able to consume more livestock protein.

Determination of relationship of body weight and some body measurements by nonlinear models in hair goats in Karaman region

Mehmet Emin Tekin, Ayşenur Tuğlu, Mustafa Agah Tekindal — 2019-06-01

Aim: In this study, the data obtained to describe the body characteristics of the Hair Goat ,were utilized in the businesses that were registered with Karaman Province Breeding Sheep and Goat Breeders Association. Body measurement of 130 goats, 2-7 years old and 50 billy goats, 2-4 years old, selected by simple random sampling method for total 900. The main motivation of the study was to determine the relationship between body weight and some body measurements with nonlinear models in hair goats in Karaman region. Materials and Methods: In the study, we estimated the live weight with nonlinear models. Nonlinear univariate regression models were used. Results: When the results of the study were evaluated, statistically significant results were obtained by using Quadratic or Cubic methods from nonlinear univariate models. Conclusion: Researchers may choose the multivariate regression method occurs when the appropriate terms and conditions, but with time constraints and chest girth quadratic or cubic univariate methods impractical for situations be offered an estimate using the variable.

Comparison of fattening performance of Limousine, Charolais, Angus and Hereford breed bulls

Tamer Kayar, Şeref İnal — 2019-06-01

Aim: This research was conducted to compare the fattening performances of Limousine, Charolais, Angus and Hereford breed calves imported to Turkey. Materials and Methods: A total of 200 male fattening calves, aged 10-12 months were used as animal material. The calves were fed ad libitum for 24 weeks of fattening. During the first 12 weeks of fattening, the animals were given fattening development feed with 14.26% crude protein (CP) and 2637 kcal / kg metabolic energy (ME) and in the last 12 weeks, they were given fattening completion feed with 14.11% CP and 2744 kcal / kg ME. The fattening period was completed on the 168th day of the study (24 weeks). Results: Significant differences were observed among groups in terms of live weight, growth rate and feed consumption. Although the Charolais had the lowest weight at the beginning of the fattening, they reached the highest weight gain with the highest daily live weight at the end. A similar relationship was observed between the Charolais and Herefords in terms of growth performance. Conclusion: In this study, it can be concluded that Charolais and Hereford breed calves would be more profitable than others to be imported to Turkey for fattening. On the other hand, to get more accurate results, more research needs to be done about cattle breeds imported to Turkey.

A case of perirenal pseudocyst in a cat

Erdem Gülersoy, Mahmut Ok, Muhammed Mustafa Kapar, Ayşe Çelebi — 2019-06-01

The material of this case was 1-year-old male cat with complaints of loss of appetite, stagnation, vomiting, paresis in the back extremities, reduction of urine output and icterus which admitted to the Animal Hospital of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Selcuk University. Perirenal pseudocyst, hepatic lipidosis and sepsis were determined by clinical, laboratory, histopathological and ultrasonographic examinations. Physical findings revealed hypothermia (35.8 Cº), leukopenia (4.23 m / mm3), tachypnea and bradycardia (64 beats/ min). Perirenal pseudocyst which determined by ultrasound examination was confirmed by necropsy. 0.9% NaCl and 5% dextrose solution, vitamin and amino acid, ceftriaxone 25 mg / kg, furosemide 1 mg / kg, n-acetylcysteine 70 mg / kg, ursodeoxycholic acid 15 mg / kg, dobutamine 1.25 andg / kg / min were used for protecting kidney function and for sepsis and hepatic lipidosis. Despite one week of treatment, the patient did not recover and died. In this case report, clinical, laboratory, ultrasonographic and necropsy findings of the iranian cat with sepsis associated with perirenal pseudocyst are presented. In conclusion, it was concluded that perirenal pseudocystic is genetically predisposed to persian cats and ultrasonographic examination is an important diagnostic method in the diagnosis of perirenal pseudocyst.